chrysobull
(gold seal) Imperial document of the Byzantine state which was so named because it bore the gold seal of the emperor.

kephalatikeuon
There ware two kephalatikeuontai of the capital, Byzantine officials who assumed from the 14th century the responsibilities of the eparch of the city.

megas doukas
The commander of the Byzantine fleet (from 1092 onwards). In the Late Byzantine period, the title of the megas doukas was assigned to the highest officials of the imperial administration/army.

megas oikonomos
High-ranking official of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. In the 11th century the epithet megas was attached to the title of oikonomos, who was responsible for managing the economics of the Great Church of Constantinople.

megas stratopedarches
Superior officer responsible for the provision of equipment and supplies for the military forces of the byzantine empire of Nicaea.

pinkernes
[also pikernes or epikernes, possibly from the Latin pincerna, a word deriving from the greek verb epikerannymi, meaning to mix (wine)]). Cup-bearer of the palace. Official at the personal service of the emperor. In the Late Byzantine years, the pinkernes was a very honorary title, while in the 14th century it was awarded to very important figures, such as Alexios Philanthropenos.

protopapas
Ecclesiastical officer with ecclesiastical duties. H e was second head priest in command after the bishop.

protovestiarios
(and protovestiarites) Honorific title given to high-ranking officials and future emperors during this period. The protovestiarios was originally responsible for the imperial wardrobe, but in the 9th-11th centuries the holders of the title could command an army or conduct negotiations with foreign states.